Pandas Profiling Report

Dataset statistics

Number of variables	9
Number of observations	768
Missing cells	77
Missing cells (%)	1.1%
Duplicate rows	0
Duplicate rows (%)	0.0%
Total size in memory	54.1 KiB
Average record size in memory	72.2 B

Variable types

NUM	8
BOOL	1

Warnings

`BloodPressure` has 33 (4.3%) missing values	Missing
`BMI` has 16 (2.1%) missing values	Missing
`Age` has 22 (2.9%) missing values	Missing
`Pregnancies` has 111 (14.5%) zeros	Zeros
`BloodPressure` has 34 (4.4%) zeros	Zeros
`SkinThickness` has 227 (29.6%) zeros	Zeros
`Insulin` has 372 (48.4%) zeros	Zeros
`BMI` has 10 (1.3%) zeros	Zeros

Reproduction

Analysis started	2021-05-12 21:51:05.258954
Analysis finished	2021-05-12 21:51:15.392791
Duration	10.13 seconds
Software version	pandas-profiling v2.9.0
Download configuration	config.yaml

Pregnancies
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

ZEROS

Distinct	17
Distinct (%)	2.2%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	3.845052083
Minimum	0
Maximum	17
Zeros	111
Zeros (%)	14.5%
Memory size	6.0 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0
Q1	1
median	3
Q3	6
95-th percentile	10
Maximum	17
Range	17
Interquartile range (IQR)	5

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	3.369578063
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.8763413316
Kurtosis	0.1592197775
Mean	3.845052083
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	2
Skewness	0.9016739792
Sum	2953
Variance	11.35405632
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=17)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
1	135	17.6%
0	111	14.5%
2	103	13.4%
3	75	9.8%
4	68	8.9%
5	57	7.4%
6	50	6.5%
7	45	5.9%
8	38	4.9%
9	28	3.6%
Other values (7)	58	7.6%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	111	14.5%
1	135	17.6%
2	103	13.4%
3	75	9.8%
4	68	8.9%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
17	1	0.1%
15	1	0.1%
14	2	0.3%
13	10	1.3%
12	9	1.2%

Glucose
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct	136
Distinct (%)	17.7%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	120.8945312
Minimum	0
Maximum	199
Zeros	5
Zeros (%)	0.7%
Memory size	6.0 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	79
Q1	99
median	117
Q3	140.25
95-th percentile	181
Maximum	199
Range	199
Interquartile range (IQR)	41.25

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	31.9726182
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.2644670347
Kurtosis	0.6407798204
Mean	120.8945312
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	20
Skewness	0.1737535018
Sum	92847
Variance	1022.248314
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
100	17	2.2%
99	17	2.2%
129	14	1.8%
125	14	1.8%
111	14	1.8%
106	14	1.8%
95	13	1.7%
108	13	1.7%
105	13	1.7%
102	13	1.7%
Other values (126)	626	81.5%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	5	0.7%
44	1	0.1%
56	1	0.1%
57	2	0.3%
61	1	0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
199	1	0.1%
198	1	0.1%
197	4	0.5%
196	3	0.4%
195	2	0.3%

BloodPressure
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

MISSING
ZEROS

Distinct	47
Distinct (%)	6.4%
Missing	33
Missing (%)	4.3%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	68.92789116
Minimum	0
Maximum	122
Zeros	34
Zeros (%)	4.4%
Memory size	6.0 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	35.6
Q1	62
median	72
Q3	80
95-th percentile	90.6
Maximum	122
Range	122
Interquartile range (IQR)	18

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	19.43364236
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.2819416354
Kurtosis	5.090630321
Mean	68.92789116
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	8
Skewness	-1.83501548
Sum	50662
Variance	377.6664554
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=47)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
70	55	7.2%
74	48	6.2%
68	44	5.7%
72	42	5.5%
64	41	5.3%
78	41	5.3%
76	39	5.1%
80	38	4.9%
60	36	4.7%
0	34	4.4%
Other values (37)	317	41.3%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	34	4.4%
24	1	0.1%
30	2	0.3%
38	1	0.1%
40	1	0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
122	1	0.1%
114	1	0.1%
110	2	0.3%
108	2	0.3%
106	3	0.4%

SkinThickness
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

ZEROS

Distinct	51
Distinct (%)	6.6%
Missing	1
Missing (%)	0.1%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	20.52151239
Minimum	0
Maximum	99
Zeros	227
Zeros (%)	29.6%
Memory size	6.0 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0
Q1	0
median	23
Q3	32
95-th percentile	44
Maximum	99
Range	99
Interquartile range (IQR)	32

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	15.95724522
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.7775862188
Kurtosis	-0.5198867202
Mean	20.52151239
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	12
Skewness	0.1117441161
Sum	15740
Variance	254.633675
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	227	29.6%
32	30	3.9%
30	27	3.5%
27	23	3.0%
23	22	2.9%
33	20	2.6%
28	20	2.6%
18	20	2.6%
31	19	2.5%
39	18	2.3%
Other values (41)	341	44.4%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	227	29.6%
7	2	0.3%
8	2	0.3%
10	5	0.7%
11	6	0.8%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
99	1	0.1%
63	1	0.1%
60	1	0.1%
56	1	0.1%
54	2	0.3%

Insulin
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

ZEROS

Distinct	185
Distinct (%)	24.2%
Missing	5
Missing (%)	0.7%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	79.95806029
Minimum	0
Maximum	846
Zeros	372
Zeros (%)	48.4%
Memory size	6.0 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	0
Q1	0
median	29
Q3	127.5
95-th percentile	293
Maximum	846
Range	846
Interquartile range (IQR)	127.5

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	115.4638861
Coefficient of variation (CV)	1.444055618
Kurtosis	7.18933386
Mean	79.95806029
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	29
Skewness	2.269856301
Sum	61008
Variance	13331.909
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	372	48.4%
105	11	1.4%
130	9	1.2%
140	9	1.2%
120	8	1.0%
94	7	0.9%
180	7	0.9%
100	7	0.9%
115	6	0.8%
110	6	0.8%
Other values (175)	321	41.8%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	372	48.4%
14	1	0.1%
15	1	0.1%
16	1	0.1%
18	2	0.3%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
846	1	0.1%
744	1	0.1%
680	1	0.1%
600	1	0.1%
579	1	0.1%

BMI
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

MISSING
ZEROS

Distinct	247
Distinct (%)	32.8%
Missing	16
Missing (%)	2.1%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	32.00066489
Minimum	0
Maximum	67.1
Zeros	10
Zeros (%)	1.3%
Memory size	6.0 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0
5-th percentile	21.8
Q1	27.3
median	32
Q3	36.525
95-th percentile	44.2
Maximum	67.1
Range	67.1
Interquartile range (IQR)	9.225

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	7.795928268
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.2436176965
Kurtosis	3.270969076
Mean	32.00066489
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	4.6
Skewness	-0.3907930616
Sum	24064.5
Variance	60.77649756
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
32	13	1.7%
31.2	12	1.6%
31.6	12	1.6%
0	10	1.3%
33.3	10	1.3%
32.4	10	1.3%
32.9	9	1.2%
30.1	9	1.2%
30.8	9	1.2%
34.2	8	1.0%
Other values (237)	650	84.6%
(Missing)	16	2.1%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	10	1.3%
18.2	3	0.4%
18.4	1	0.1%
19.1	1	0.1%
19.3	1	0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
67.1	1	0.1%
59.4	1	0.1%
57.3	1	0.1%
55	1	0.1%
53.2	1	0.1%

DiabetesPedigreeFunction
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

Distinct	517
Distinct (%)	67.3%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	0.4718763021
Minimum	0.078
Maximum	2.42
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	6.0 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	0.078
5-th percentile	0.14035
Q1	0.24375
median	0.3725
Q3	0.62625
95-th percentile	1.13285
Maximum	2.42
Range	2.342
Interquartile range (IQR)	0.3825

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	0.331328595
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.7021513764
Kurtosis	5.594953528
Mean	0.4718763021
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	0.1675
Skewness	1.919911066
Sum	362.401
Variance	0.1097786379
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.254	6	0.8%
0.258	6	0.8%
0.259	5	0.7%
0.238	5	0.7%
0.207	5	0.7%
0.268	5	0.7%
0.261	5	0.7%
0.167	4	0.5%
0.19	4	0.5%
0.27	4	0.5%
Other values (507)	719	93.6%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0.078	1	0.1%
0.084	1	0.1%
0.085	2	0.3%
0.088	2	0.3%
0.089	1	0.1%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
2.42	1	0.1%
2.329	1	0.1%
2.288	1	0.1%
2.137	1	0.1%
1.893	1	0.1%

Age
Real number (ℝ_≥0)

MISSING

Distinct	52
Distinct (%)	7.0%
Missing	22
Missing (%)	2.9%
Infinite	0
Infinite (%)	0.0%

Mean	33.24932976
Minimum	21
Maximum	81
Zeros	0
Zeros (%)	0.0%
Memory size	6.0 KiB

Quantile statistics

Minimum	21
5-th percentile	21
Q1	24
median	29
Q3	41
95-th percentile	58
Maximum	81
Range	60
Interquartile range (IQR)	17

Descriptive statistics

Standard deviation	11.77698955
Coefficient of variation (CV)	0.3542023142
Kurtosis	0.6303458196
Mean	33.24932976
Median Absolute Deviation (MAD)	7
Skewness	1.127863594
Sum	24804
Variance	138.6974828
Monotocity	Not monotonic

Histogram with fixed size bins (bins=50)

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
22	69	9.0%
21	61	7.9%
25	48	6.2%
24	45	5.9%
23	37	4.8%
28	34	4.4%
26	32	4.2%
27	32	4.2%
29	28	3.6%
31	23	3.0%
Other values (42)	337	43.9%
(Missing)	22	2.9%

Minimum 5 values
Maximum 5 values

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
21	61	7.9%
22	69	9.0%
23	37	4.8%
24	45	5.9%
25	48	6.2%

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
81	1	0.1%
72	1	0.1%
70	1	0.1%
69	2	0.3%
68	1	0.1%

Outcome
Boolean

Distinct	2
Distinct (%)	0.3%
Missing	0
Missing (%)	0.0%
Memory size	6.0 KiB

0	500
1	268

Common Values
Chart

Value	Count	Frequency (%)
0	500	65.1%
1	268	34.9%

Pearson's r

The Pearson's correlation coefficient (r) is a measure of linear correlation between two variables. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative linear correlation, 0 indicating no linear correlation and 1 indicating total positive linear correlation. Furthermore, r is invariant under separate changes in location and scale of the two variables, implying that for a linear function the angle to the x-axis does not affect r.

To calculate r for two variables X and Y, one divides the covariance of X and Y by the product of their standard deviations.

Spearman's ρ

The Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (ρ) is a measure of monotonic correlation between two variables, and is therefore better in catching nonlinear monotonic correlations than Pearson's r. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative monotonic correlation, 0 indicating no monotonic correlation and 1 indicating total positive monotonic correlation.

To calculate ρ for two variables X and Y, one divides the covariance of the rank variables of X and Y by the product of their standard deviations.

Kendall's τ

Similarly to Spearman's rank correlation coefficient, the Kendall rank correlation coefficient (τ) measures ordinal association between two variables. It's value lies between -1 and +1, -1 indicating total negative correlation, 0 indicating no correlation and 1 indicating total positive correlation.

To calculate τ for two variables X and Y, one determines the number of concordant and discordant pairs of observations. τ is given by the number of concordant pairs minus the discordant pairs divided by the total number of pairs.

Phik (φk)

Phik (φk) is a new and practical correlation coefficient that works consistently between categorical, ordinal and interval variables, captures non-linear dependency and reverts to the Pearson correlation coefficient in case of a bivariate normal input distribution. There is extensive documentation available here.

First rows

	Pregnancies	Glucose	BloodPressure	SkinThickness	Insulin	BMI	DiabetesPedigreeFunction	Age	Outcome
0	6	148	72.0	35.0	0.0	33.6	0.627	50.0	1
1	1	85	66.0	29.0	0.0	26.6	0.351	31.0	0
2	8	183	64.0	0.0	0.0	23.3	0.672	32.0	1
3	1	89	66.0	23.0	94.0	28.1	0.167	21.0	0
4	0	137	40.0	35.0	168.0	43.1	2.288	33.0	1
5	5	116	74.0	0.0	0.0	25.6	0.201	30.0	0
6	3	78	50.0	32.0	88.0	31.0	0.248	26.0	1
7	10	115	0.0	0.0	0.0	35.3	0.134	29.0	0
8	2	197	70.0	45.0	543.0	30.5	0.158	53.0	1
9	8	125	96.0	0.0	0.0	0.0	0.232	54.0	1

Last rows

	Pregnancies	Glucose	BloodPressure	SkinThickness	Insulin	BMI	DiabetesPedigreeFunction	Age	Outcome
758	1	106	76.0	0.0	0.0	37.5	0.197	26.0	0
759	6	190	92.0	0.0	0.0	35.5	0.278	66.0	1
760	2	88	58.0	26.0	16.0	28.4	0.766	22.0	0
761	9	170	74.0	31.0	0.0	44.0	0.403	43.0	1
762	9	89	62.0	0.0	0.0	22.5	0.142	33.0	0
763	10	101	76.0	48.0	180.0	32.9	0.171	63.0	0
764	2	122	70.0	27.0	0.0	36.8	0.340	27.0	0
765	5	121	72.0	23.0	112.0	26.2	0.245	30.0	0
766	1	126	60.0	0.0	0.0	30.1	0.349	47.0	1
767	1	93	70.0	31.0	0.0	30.4	0.315	23.0	0

Overview

Variables

Interactions

Correlations

Pearson's r

Spearman's ρ

Kendall's τ

Phik (φk)

Missing values

Sample

First rows

Last rows